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石墨電極

人造石墨
廣義上，一切通過(guò)有機(jī)炭化再經(jīng)過(guò)石墨化高溫處理得到的石墨材料均可稱為人造石墨，如炭纖維、熱解炭、泡沫石墨等。而狹義上的人造石墨通常指以雜質(zhì)含量較低的炭質(zhì)原料為骨料、煤瀝青等為粘結(jié)劑，經(jīng)過(guò)配料、混捏、成型、炭化和石墨化等工序制得的塊狀固體材料，如石墨電極、等靜壓石墨等。
人造石墨由于其灰分很低、導(dǎo)電及導(dǎo)熱性能好、所以有廣泛的用途，可以加入到各種配方的少灰或多灰制品中，石墨碎一般破碎成中小顆粒使用。人造石墨可以作為煉鋼電極，在機(jī)械工業(yè)中，石墨材料通常用作耐磨和潤(rùn)滑材料。天然鱗片石墨的潤(rùn)滑性較好，但耐磨性不如人造石墨。在化學(xué)工業(yè)中，人造石墨具有耐腐蝕、導(dǎo)熱性好、滲透率低等特點(diǎn)。在化學(xué)工業(yè)中廣泛用于制作熱交換器、反應(yīng)槽、吸收塔、過(guò)濾器等設(shè)備。
Artificial graphite
In general, all graphite materials obtained by high temperature treatment through organic carbonization and graphitization can be called artificial graphite, such as carbon fiber, pyrolytic carbon and foam graphite. In the narrow sense, artificial graphite usually refers to bulk solid materials, such as graphite electrodes, isostatic graphite, which are prepared by mixing, kneading, shaping, carbonization and graphitization with low impurity carbon as aggregate and coal tar pitch as binder.
Artificial graphite is widely used because of its low ash content, good conductivity and thermal conductivity. It can be added to various formulations of products with less or more ash. Graphite crushing is generally broken into small and medium particles for use. Artificial graphite can be used as steel-making electrode. In mechanical industry, graphite materials are usually used as wear-resistant and lubricating materials. Natural flake graphite has better lubricity but worse wear resistance than artificial graphite. In chemical industry, artificial graphite has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, good thermal conductivity and low permeability. In the chemical industry, it is widely used to make heat exchangers, reaction tanks, absorption towers, filters and other equipment.